HIGIT 4,500 na mga sanggol ang ipinanganganak sa bansa kada araw. Ito ay ayon sa datos ng Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) noong Enero 2021. Ang bawat isang batang ipinanganganak ay katumbas ng isang bagong konsyumer. Ang mga bagong konsyumer na ito ay dumadagdag sa taas ng demand sa mga likas na yaman ng bansa. Sa madaling salita, ang pagtaas ng populasyon ay nangangahulugan na tumataas din ang antas ng demand at ng konsumo ng mga likas na yaman.
Kamakailan, inilabas ng PSA ang datos na ang populasyon ng Filipinas ay pumalo na sa 109,035,343 noong taong 2020. Mula sa 100,981,437 na kabuuang bilang noong 2015, ito ay nadagdagan ng 8,053,906 batay sa opisyal na resulta ng census noong nakaraang taon. Batay sa datos, nasa 1.63% ang antas ng itinaas ng populasyon ng Filipinas noong nakaraang limang taon. Ang antas na ito ay mas mababa kumpara sa antas ng pagtaas ng populasyon mula 2010 hanggang 2015 na nasa 1.72%
Sa patuloy na pagtaas ng populasyon ng ating bansa, napakahalagang masiguro na mayroong sapat na likas na yaman ang Filipinas na tutustos sa pangangailangan ng mga taong naninirahan dito. Kailangan ding masiguro na productive ang mamamayan dahil mahalaga ang kanilang papel na ginagampanan sa maganda at maayos na takbo ng ekonomiya ng bansa.
Upang masiguro na produktibo ang mga mamamayan, dalawang bagay ang aking naisip na dapat tutukan ng pamahalaan. Ito ay ang pagsiguro na maayos ang sistemang pangkalusugan at sistema ng edukasyon sa bansa. Ang dalawang aspetong ito ang nagsisilbing pundasyon ng pagiging produktibo ng isang mamamayan. Kung ang isang indibidwal ay may maayos na edukasyon at may-roong malusog na pangangatawan, tiyak na siya ay magiging kapaki-pakinabang na miyembro ng lipunan.
Kapag naririnig natin ang mga katagang maayos na sistema ng kalusugan, ang karaniwang pumapasok sa ating isip ay ang pagkakaroon ng access sa maayos na serbisyo ng ospital sa abot kayang halaga. Subalit nang ako ay magsaliksik ukol dito, aking napag-alaman na ang tunay na batayan ng magandang kalusugan at maayos na sistema nito sa isang bansa ay ang pagkakaroon ng maayos na primary healthcare.
Ayon sa World Health Organization (WHO), ang primary healthcare ay isang sistema ng pangangalaga sa kalusugan ng isang indibidwal na nakatutok sa pagsiguro na maayos ang pisikal na pangangatawan, mentalidad, at panlipunang kagalingan nito. Sa ilalim ng primary health care, tinuturuan ang isang indibidwal kung paano nito mapangangalagaan ang kanyang kalusugan upang makaiwas sa mga sakit.
Dito sa Filipinas, ang mga barangay health center ang karaniwang nangangasiwa sa primary health care ng mga mamamayang kinasasakupan nito. Layunin ng mga ito ang mapabuti ang kalusugan ng buong komunidad, makontrol ang paglaki ng populasyon, mapababa ang posibilidad ng pagkalat ng mga sakit sa komunidad, at pagpapababa ng antas ng pagkamatay ng mga sanggol at mga bata.
Sa ilalim ng primary healthcare pumapasok ang pagsusulong ng mga kampanya na nagtuturo sa mga komunidad kung paano dapat pangalagaan ang kanilang kalusugan sa pamamagitan ng maayos na nutrisyon at sapat na supply ng pagkain. Itinuturo rin sa mga miyembro ng komunidad kung paano maiiwasan ang mga sakit gaya ng malaria, dengue, at iba pa. Bahagi rin nito ang programa ng libreng pagpapabakuna laban sa mga sakit na madalas dumadapo sa mga batang may edad anim na taon pababa. Ang tigdas, tetanus, diphteria, at polyo ay ilan lamang sa mga sakit na maaaring maiwasan sa pamamagitan ng bakuna. Maging ang ligtas na pag-bubuntis at pagpaplano ng pamilya ay bahagi rin ng primary healthcare.
Bukod sa maayos na primary healthcare, mahalaga rin ang pagkakaroon ng access sa maayos na serbisyong medikal sa abot kayang halaga. Napakahalaga, lalo na ngayong panahon ng pandemya, na ang sinumang miyembro ng lipunan – mayaman man o mahirap – ay makakapagpagamot nang hindi aalalahanin ang gastos para rito. Kung ang serbisyong medikal ay para lamang sa mga mayayaman, maaasahang bababa ang antas ng pagiging produktibo ng mga mamamayan.
Ang Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth) ay ahensiyang nangangasiwa sa National Health Insurance Program ng bansa. Mandato nitong masiguro na ang bawat mamamayan ng bansa ay may access sa serbisyong medikal anuman ang estado nito sa buhay. Sa sistemang ito, tumutulong ang mga mayayaman at may kaya sa buhay sa pagpopondo sa pagpapagamot ng mga kapos sa badyet sa pamamagitan ng kontribusyon ng mga ito bilang miyembro. Mahalagang masiguro ng pamahalaan na maayos ang sistema at implementasyon ng PhilHealth, at nagagampanan nito ang kanyang papel sa pagpapanatili ng kalusugan ng mga miyembro ng lipunan.
Sa usapin ng sistema ng edukasyon, tila mabuti ang sitwasyon nito sa ating bansa. Ayon sa PSA, ang Functional Literacy Rate ng mga indibidwal na may edad 10 hanggang 64 ay nasa 91.6% noong 2019. Ito ay batay sa resulta ng Functional Literacy, Education and Mass Media Survey (FLEMMS) na isinagawa noong 2019. Ito ay nangangahulugan na 73 milyon mula sa kabuuang bilang na 79.7 milyon na may edad 10 hanggang 64 ay maituturing na functional literate. Ito ay nangangahulugan na ang isang indibidwal ay may kakayahang magbasa, magsulat, at may kasanayan din sa pagbibilang.
Bagama’t mataas ang antas ng literasiya sa bansa, nananatiling hamon para sa maraming pamilya, lalo na yaong mga kapos sa badyet, ang pagpapaaral sa kanilang mga anak ngayong panahon ng pandemya. Hindi lingid sa kaalaman ng lahat na upang makasabay sa online learning na isinusulong ng pamahalaan, kailangan ay may mga gamit kagaya ng laptop o desktop computer, at kailangan din ng serbisyo ng internet. Sa kasamaang palad, hindi lahat ng mga magulang ay may kakayahang makabili ng mga ito kaya’t marami rin sa kanila ang nagdesisyong hindi muna pag-aralin ang mga anak. Kung dati ay nakasasabay pa ang pampublikong paaaralan sa kalidad ng edukasyon na ibinibigay sa mga pribadong paaralan, ngayon ay tila nagkaroon ng malinaw na dibisyon sa pagitan ng dalawa.
Ang sektor ng kalusugan at ng sektor ng edukasyon ay dalawa lamang sa mga sektor na pinakanaapektuhan ng pandemyang COVID-19. Sa kasamaang palad, may COVID man o wala, patuloy ang pagtaas ng bilang ng populasyon ng ating bansa. Ang dalawang sektor na ito ay mas lalong kinakailangang magsumikap na makabangon mula sa malalang epekto ng pandemya. Mahalagang masiguro na ang mga mamamayan ay may sapat na kakayahan at kaalaman ukol sa pangangalaga sa kanilang kalusugan. Kailangan ding masiguro na sila ay lalaking may kakayahan sa pagbabasa, pagsusulat, at may kasanayan sa pagbibilang upang maging kapaki-pakinabang na miyembro ng lipunan.
Kung ang bawat isang mamamayan ay may magandang kalusugan at nabigyan ng maayos na edukasyon, tiyak na ang mga ito ay magiging mahalagang instrumento sa pagkakaroon ng matatag at magandang ekonomiya ng isang bansa. Kung ang ekonomiya ng isang bansa ay patuloy sa pag-unlad, maiiwasan ang tinatawag na “brain drain” kung saan ang mga nakapagtapos ng pag-aaral at mga propesyonal ay nangingibang bansa upang doon magtrabaho. Kailangang magtulungan ang pamahalaan at ang pribadong sektor sa patuloy na pagbubukas ng mga oportunidad para sa mga nangangailangan ng trabaho Sa ganitong paraan ay tiyak na ang Filipinas ang makikinabang sa kagalingan ng bawat indibidwal na nakapagtapos ng pag-aaral. Sa pamamagitan ng pagkakaroon ng matatag at lumalagong ekonomiya, mas masusuportahan ng pamahalaan ang lumalaki nitong populasyon dahil ang bawat miyembro ng lipunan ay kapaki-pakinabang.
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